Pengaruh Varietas dan Dosis Pemupukan NPK Mutiaraterhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang pengaruh varietas dan dosis pemupukan NPK Mutiara terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai merah (capsicum annuum L.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih dan Kebun Percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai dari April sampai Oktober 2017. Rancangan percobaan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola factorial 5 x 2 dengan 3 ulangan. Unit  percobaan terdiri  atas  10  tanaman  sehingga  secara  keseluruhan terdapat 300 tanaman. Dari setiap unit percobaan diamati 5 tanaman sampel sehingga secara keseluruhan terdapat 150 tanaman sampel. Adapun faktor pertama yang diteliti adalah varietas (V) yang terdiri dari V1= varietas PM-999 dan V2= varietas Lado. Faktor kedua yaitu dosis  pupuk NPK Mutiara (P) yang terdiri atas 5 taraf yaitu P0  = Tanpa pupuk, P1= 10 gram/L, P2= 20 gram/L, P3= 40 gram/L, P4= 80 gram/L. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa varietas memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah cabang, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, berat buah dan potensi hasil. Pemupukan NPK Mutiara memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah cabang, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, berat buah dan potensi hasil. Varietas terbaik dijumpai pada varietas PM-999. Secara keseluruhan kombinasi perlakuan terbaik dijumpai pada varietas PM-999 (V1) dengan dosis pupuk NPK Mutiara 20 gram/L (P2).

 Kata kunci : Cabai Merah, Varietas, PM-999, Lado, Pemupukan, NPK Muitiara, Capsicum annuum L.

Effect of Varieties and Dosege NPK Mutiara of Growth and Crop Production Red Chili (Capsicum Annuum L.)

Abstract. This research aims to obtain information about the effects of varieties and dosege of NPK Mutiara fertilizer on growth and crop production of red chili (capsicum annuum L.). This research was carried out in the Seed Science and Technology laboratory and the agicultural faculty experimental garden, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh. The implementation of the research starts from April to Oktober 2017. The experimental design in this research using a Randomized Block Design, factorial design 5 x 2 with three replications, so there are 10 combination treatments and 30 units of the experiment. The experimental unit consists of 10 plants so that there were 300 plants in total. Every unit experimental observed 5 sample plants so that there are 150  sample plants in total. The first factors is varieties (V) consisting of V1 = PM-999 varieties and V2 = Lado varieties. The second factors is dosage of NPK Mutiara fertilizer (P), which consists of 5 stars extent that P0 = without fertilizer, P1 = 10 grams/L, P2 = 20 grams/L, P3 = 40 grams/L and P4 = 80 grams/L. From the results of the experimental it can be concluded that Varieties have a very real effect on the plant height, the stem diameter, the number of branches, the number of productive branches, the number of flowers, the number of fruits, the weight of fruits, and the potential results. The Fertilization of  NPK Mutiara give effect significantly to the the number of branch, the number of productive branches, the number of flowers, the number of fruits and the weight of fruits. The best varieties are found on varieties PM-999. Overall the best treatment combination was found in PM-999 varieties with dosage of NPK Mutiara fertilizer 10 gram/L (P1).

 Keywords: Red chili, Varieties, PM-999, Lado, Fertilization, NPK Mutiara, Capsicum annuum L.