Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk NPK dan Pemangkasan Tunas Lateral Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Semangka (Citrullus vulgaris Schard)

Abstract

Abstrak. Salah satu teknik budidaya untuk mendapatkan hasil semangka yang baik adalah dengan pemupukan yang tepat dan pemangkasan. Jenis pupuk anorganik yang digunakan dalam budidaya tanaman semangka adalah pupuk NPK Majemuk_. Sementarapemangkasan adalah suatu kegiatan membuang bagian tanaman yaitu bagian pucuk, cabang atau ranting tanaman sehingga terjadi penimbunan karbohidrat, protein dan hormon yang merangsang keluarnya bunga dan buah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Paloh Jeureula, Kecamatan Sakti Kabupaten Pidie dan Laboratorium Hortikultura Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung dari bulan September sampai November 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK dan 2 perlakuan pemangkasan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 8 kombinasi perlakuan yang terdiri dari 24 unit percobaan dengan 6 sampel untuk setiap unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis pupuk NPK yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka yaitu 160 g/tanaman, sementara pemangkasan tunas yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka yaitu pemangkasan tunas lateral. Kombinasi perlakuan yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka yaitu dosis pupuk NPK 160 g/tanaman dengan pemangkasan tunas lateral.

The Dose Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Pruning of Watermelon Lateral Shoots on Growth and Plant Result (Citrullus vulgaris Schard)

Abstract. The low production of red pepper plants in Indonesia is partly caused by disease attacks and unavailability of high quality seeds or have low viability. Biological Seed Treatment using rhizobacteria is one of the innovations developed for disease control and growth of plants. This research has been carried out in Agricultural Science and Technology Laboratory of Agrotechnology Study Program Faculty of Agriculture Unsyiah. The study was conducted from May to July 2017. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) of non factorial pattern in experiment I consisted of 18 treatments repeated 3 times so that each of 54 experiments on pathogenic Phytophthora capsici and 54 units of experiments was obtained pathogen Colletotrichum capsici to obtain 108 total unit of experiment. In the second experiment using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) the factorial pattern consisted of 19 rizobacterial treatments and 2 repeated treatments of varieties 2 times. Thus there were 38 treatment combinations consisting of 48 experimental units with 25 plant units in each treatment. The result of experiment I showed that isolate SRK 5 (1) from Serulee Kayu Village, Bukit Subdistrict, Bener Meuriah Regency was able to suppress the growth of C. capsici pathogens with 82.22% inhibition and against P. capsici 71.11% . The results of experiment II showed that rizobakteri effective as plant growth enhancer (RPPT) to germination process of red chilli seedlings in increasing seed viability and vigor to maximum growth potential and germination is isolate KTK 8 (5) where the varieties of PM999 is better than Taro varieties, but the different isolates of SRK 5 (1), HWI 4 (1) and BS3 5 (3) were able to increase the vigor index on higher Taro varieties compared to the PM999 varieties. While the effect of rizobacterial treatment on the growth of red chili seedlings has not shown a significant increase in the two varieties tested.

The Dose Effect of NPK Fertilizer and Pruning of Watermelon Lateral Shoots onGrowth and Plant Result (Citrullus vulgaris Schard)