Pengaruh Perlakuan Benih Dengan Menggunakan Agens Biokontrol Terhadap Pengendalian Penyakit Rhizoctonia solani Pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Cabai Merah

Abstract

Abstrak.  Perlakuan benih menggunakan rizobakteri sebagai  alternatif  pengganti penggunaan bahan kimia untuk mengendalikan penyakit tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mempelajari  pengaruh beberapa jenis isolat rizobakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Rhizoctonia solani terhadap pertumbuhan bibit tanaman cabai merah, dan (2) pengaruh perlakuan benih menggunakan rizobakteri sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) non faktorial. Faktor yang diteliti adalah rizobakteri sebagai agens biokontrol terhadap patogen Rizoctonia solani yang terdiri dari 18 isolat rizobakteri yaitu : Pseudomonas capasia (A₁) , Bacillus megaterium (A₂), Pseudomonas dimuta (A₃), Bacillus bodius (A₄), Bacillus laterophorus (A₅), Bacillus larvae (A₆), Bacillus alvei (A₇), Bacillus coagulans (A₈), Bacillus firmus (A₉), Bacillus pilymixa (A₁₀), Bacillus lichiniformis (A₁₁), Bacillus stearothermophillus (A₁₂), Actinobacillus suis (A₁₃), Actinotorbacter sp. (A₁₄), Azotobacter sp. INA8 (A₁₅), Azotobacter sp. (A₁₆), Necercia sp. (A₁₇), Flavobacterium sp. (A₁₈). Sebagai kontrol (A₀) juga dikecambahkan benih yang tidak diberi isolat rizobakteri. Terdapat 6 rizobakteri dari 18 isolat yang diuji yang memberikan penurunan nilai gejala serangan patogen Rhizoctonia solani yaitu Pseudomonas dimuta, Bacillus bodius, Bacillus laterophorus, Bacillus lichiniformis, Bacillus stearothermophillus, dan Azotobacter sp. Perlakuan benih dengan rizobakteri Flavobacterium sp sangat nyata meningkatkan vigor benih pada tolok ukur indeks vigor. Perlakuan benih terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang umur 4 MSP adalah Bacillus bodius dan parameter jumlah daun pada perlakuan jenis rizobakteri Pseudomonas capasia.

Influence of Seed Treatment Using Agens Bio-Control Against Rhizoctonia solani Disease and Seedling Growth of Red Chili Pepper 

Abstract. Seed treatment using rizobakteri as an alternative to substitute the use of chemicals to control plant disease.. This study aims to (1) study the influence of several types of rizobacterial isolates in inhibiting the growth of Rhizoctonia solani on the growth of red chili seedlings, and (2) the influence of seed treatment using rhizobacteria as a trigger for plant growth. This study used a complete randomized design (RAL) non factorial. The factors studied were rizobacteria as a biocontrol agent against Rizoctonia solani pathogen consisting of 18 rizobacterial isolates: Pseudomonas capacia (A1), Bacillus megaterium (A2), Pseudomonas dimuta (A3), Bacillus bodius (A4), Bacillus laterophorus (A5) Bacillus larvae (A6), Bacillus alvei (A7), Bacillus coagulans (A8), Bacillus firmus (A9), Bacillus pilymixa (A10), Bacillus lichiniformis (A11), Bacillus stearothermophillus (A12), Actinobacillus suis (A13), Actinotorbacter sp . (A14), Azotobacter sp. INA8 (A15), Azotobacter sp. (A16), Necercia sp. (A17), Flavobacterium sp. (A18). As control (A0) also added seeds that were not given rizobacterial isolates. There were 6 rhizobacteria of 18 isolates tested which decreased the symptom value of pathogenic attack of Rhizoctonia solani ie Pseudomonas dimuta, Bacillus bodius, Bacillus laterophorus, Bacillus lichiniformis, Bacillus stearothermophillus, and Azotobacter sp. Treatment of seeds with rizobacteria Flavobacterium sp very significantly increases the vigor of seeds on the benchmark vigor index. The best seed treatment in improving plant growth on plant height parameters and stem diameter of 4 MSP was Bacillus bodius and leaf number parameters in the treatment of rhizobacteria Pseudomonas capacia.