Pengaruh Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Spesifik Lokal dan Kompos Terhadap Hasil Tanaman Jagung ( Zea mays L.) pada Tanah Marginal Ultisol

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jenis mikoriza arbuskular spesifik lokal dan kompos serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung pada tanah marginal Ultisol. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan Juni  hingga Oktober 2016, di Rumah Kasa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial dengan sembilan kombinasi perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu pemberian jenis mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) yang terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu: tanpa FMA, Glomus sp. dan Acoulospora sp. sedangkan dosis kompos dengan tiga taraf  yaitu: tanpa kompos, 25 g pot^-1,50 g pot^-1. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini jumlah biji per tongkol, berat biji kering per tongkol, berat 100 butir biji kering, dan hasil per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan baik pemberian jenis mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) dan dosis kompos tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah biji per tongkol, berat biji kering per tongkol, berat 100 butir biji kering dan hasil per hektar. Terdapat interaksi yang sangat nyata antara perlakuan pemberian jenis FMA dengan dosis kompos terhadap hasil per hektar serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat biji kering per tongkol.

Abstract. The aim of this research was to obtain information about the effect of local and compost specification arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi distribution and the relation towards the growth and result of corn crops on the ultisol marginal land. This research was conducted at Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty Syiah Kuala University, from June to October 2016. This research used factorial pattern of Cluster Random Plan with nine combinations of treatment and three repetition, thus, 27 attempt of experimentation was obtained. The factors which were inspected in this research are the distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which consist of three categories; without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus sp., and Acoulospora sp. while the dosage of compost in three categories; without compost, 25 g pot, 50 g pot. The variables which are observed in this research are the number of corn kernels, the weight of corn kernels per corncob, the weight of 100 dried seeds and the yields of corn crop per hectare. The result of the research conclude that the distribution of abuscular mycorrhiza fungi and the dose of compost  this treatment did not have real effect on the height of the number of corn kernels per cob, the weight of dried seeds per corncob, the weight of 100 dried seeds, and the yields of corn crop per hectare. There are relation between the distribution of AMF treatment and the dosage of the compost to the length the yields of the corn crop per hectare, and also have a real effect on weight of dried seeds per corncob

Kata kunci: Jagung, FMA, kompos, ultisol.