Evaluasi Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Di Kecamatan Lhoksukon Kabupaten Aceh Utara

Abstract

Abstrak. Kelapa sawit termasuk Sektor pertanian yang merupakan salah satu sektor yang dikembangkan oleh pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Akan tetapi, pada rata-rata produktivitas kelapa sawit di setiap kecamatan di kabupaten aceh utara mengalami stagnasi selama 4 tahun. Termasuk di kecamatan lhoksukon yang memiliki luas tanam dan produksi terbesar selama 4 tahun. Hambatan utama dalam pemanfaatan lahan untuk pertanian dan khususnya perkebunan adalah rendahnya tingkat kesuburan tanah yang disebabkan oleh adanya sejumlah kendala kimia yang membatasi pertumbuhan tanaman. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukannya evaluasi sifat kimia tanah pada kebun kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Lhoksukon.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei yang didasarkan pada pengamatan ciri-ciri tanah di lapangan dan analisis tanah di laboratorium. Pengambilan sampel dan uji tanah di laboratorium dilakukan berdasarkan peta satuan lahan yang dipersiapkan dengan cara overlay variabel lahan. Kemudian diperoleh data sebanyak 3 SPL dan 11 titik pengambilan sampel. Sampel tanah yang telah diambil kemudian dianalisis di laboratorium. Penilaian sifat kimia tanah mengacu kepada Balai Penelitian Tanah Bogor (2009). Pada SPL 1 parameter pH tergolong sangat masam. Parameter P-tersedia, Ca-dd dan KTK tergolong sedang. Parameter C-organik, K-dd dan Mg-dd tergolong rendah serta parameter N-total tergolong sangat rendah. Pada SPL 2 parameter pH tergolong sangat masam. Parameter C-organik, N-total, K-dd, Ca-dd, Mg-dd dan KTK tergolong rendah serta parameter P-tersedia tergolong sangat rendah. Pada SPL 3 parameter pH tergolong masam. Parameter Ca-dd dan KTK tergolong sedang. Parameter N-total, P-tersedia, K-dd dan Mg-dd tergolong rendah serta parameter C-organik tergolong sangat rendah.

Evaluation of Some Soil Chemical Properties in Civil Palm Oil Garden (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Lhoksukon District, North Aceh Regency

Abstract. Palm oil is included in the agricultural sector which is one of the sectors developed by the regional government of North Aceh Regency. However, on average, palm oil productivity in each sub-district in North Aceh district has stagnated for 4 years. Including in Lhoksukon sub-district which has the largest planting area and production for 4 years. The main obstacle in using land for agriculture and especially plantations is the low level of soil fertility caused by a number of chemical constraints that limit plant growth. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the chemical properties of soil in oil palm plantations in Lhoksukon District. This research uses a survey method based on observing soil characteristics in the field and soil analysis in the laboratory. Soil sampling and testing in the laboratory is carried out based on land unit maps prepared by overlaying land variables. Then data was obtained for 3 SPL and 11 sampling points. The soil samples that have been taken are then analyzed in the laboratory. Assessment of soil chemical properties refers to the Bogor Soil Research Institute (2009). At SPL 1 the pH parameter is classified as very acidic. The P-available, Ca-dd and CEC parameters are classified as moderate. The C-organic, K-dd and Mg-dd parameters are classified as low and the N-total parameter is classified as very low. At SPL 2 the pH parameter is classified as very acidic. The C-organic, N-total, K-dd, Ca-dd, Mg-dd and CEC parameters are low and the available P parameter is very low. At SPL 3 the pH parameter is classified as acidic. Ca-dd and CEC parameters are classified as moderate. The N-total, P-available, K-dd and Mg-dd parameters are classified as low and the C-organic parameters are classified as very low.