Efikasi Ekstrak Inggu (Ruta graveolens L.) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Diaphania indica (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Di Laboratorium
Abstract
Abstrak. Tanaman inggu (Ruta graveolens L.) dikenal sebagai tanaman obat yang berasal dari Ordo Sapindales dan Famili Rutaceae. Daun inggu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pestisida nabati karena berpotensi sebagai insecticidal, antijamur, anti bakteri, larvasida, reppelent terhadap serangga hama salah satunya Diaphania indica. Serangga ini bersifat oligofag atau memiliki tanaman inang dari satu Famili Cucurbitaceae seperti melon, mentimun, semangka dan labu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi yang efektif dari ekstrak daun inggu (R. graveolens L.) dalam mengendalikan serangga D. indica. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non Faktorial dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi ekstrak inggu yaitu 1%,2%,3%,4% dan 5% setiap perlakuan diulang sebayak 4 kali sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan. Peubah yang di amati meliputi daya repelensi, mortalitas, persentase penghambat makan dan tingkat efikasi insektisida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak inggu berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya repelensi, mortalitas, persentase penghambat makan dan tingkat efikasi insektisida. Daya repelensi tertinggi terdapat pada konsentrasi 5% sebesar 78,25% sedangkan daya repelensi terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 1% sebesar 28,07% pada 1 jam setelah pengamatan (JSA). Aplikasi ekstrak inggu dengan konsentrasi 3% menyebabkan mortalitas sebesar 85% pada 4 hari setelah aplikasi, sedangkan mortalitas terendah pada konsentrsi 1% sebesar 42,50% pada pengamatan 4 HSA. Persentase penghambat makan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 4% sebesar 59,34%, sedangkan yang terendah pada konsentasi 1% sebesar 24,84% pada pengamatan 1 HSA. Tingkat efikasi insektida tertinggi pada konsentrasi 5% mencapai 100% sedangkan tingkat efikasi terendah pada konsentrasi 1% mencapai 15%. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak inggu efektif dalam mengendalikan hama D.indica dengan konsentrasi 3%. Tanaman inggu bersifat sebagai insecticidal, cara kerjanya bisa sebagai racun perut, racun pernapasan dan racun kontak.
Efficacy of Inggu Leaves Extract (Ruta graveolens L.) on Mortality Larvae of Diaphania Indica (Lepidoptera;Crambidae) in the Laboratory
Abstract.The rue plant (Ruta graveolens L.) is known as a medicinal plant originating from the Sapindales Order and the Rutaceae Family. Inggu leaves can be used as a vegetable pesticide because they have the potential to be insecticidal, antifungal, antibacterial, larvicidal, repellent against insect pests, one of which is Diaphania indica. This insect is oligophagous or has host plants from one Cucurbitaceae family such as melons, cucumbers, watermelons and pumpkins. This research aims to determine the effective concentration of inggu leaf extract (R. graveolens L.) in controlling D. indica insects. This research used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 levels of inggu extract concentration, namely 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%, each treatment was repeated 4 times so that there were 20 experimental units. The variables observed included repellency, mortality, percentage of feeding inhibitors and insecticide efficacy level. The results of the study showed that inggu extract had a significant effect on repellent power, mortality, percentage of feeding inhibitors and insecticide efficacy level. The highest repellency was at a 5% concentration of 78.25%, while the lowest repellency was at a 1% concentration of 28.07% at 1 hour after observation (JSA). Application of rosewood extract with a concentration of 3% caused a mortality of 85% at 4 days after application, while the lowest mortality at a concentration of 1% was 42.50% at 4 DSA observations. The highest percentage of food inhibitors at a concentration of 4% was 59.34%, while the lowest at a concentration of 1% was 24.84% at 1 DSA observation. The highest level of insecticide efficacy at a concentration of 5% reached 100%, while the lowest level of efficacy at a concentration of 1% reached 15%. It can be concluded that inggu extract is effective in controlling D.indica pests at a concentration of 3%. The inggu plant is insecticidal, how it works can be as a stomach poison, respiratory poison and contact poison
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v9i1.29113
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