Rancang Bangun Mesin Pencacah Limbah Sabut Pinang Kering Terintegrasi Dengan Mesin Pengupas Buah Pinang Kering

Abstract

Abstrak. Pinang merupakan komoditas pertanian yang memiliki banyak manfaat seperti bahan baku industri, kimia dan farmasi. Namun, dari segi limbah yang dihasilkan tidak dikembangkan oleh masyarakat karena kurang tersentuh teknologi mekanisasi pertanian, limbah yang dimaksud adalah sabut pinang kering yang sudah dilakukan pengupasan. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini didapatkan rancang bangun bangun mesin pencacah sabut pinang kering. Penelitian dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yang meliputi proses perancangan mesin pencacah limbah sabut pinang kering berdasarkan karakteristik sabut pinang kering, selanjutnya menentukan mekanisme kerja dari mesin pencacah limbah sabut pinang kering meliputi uji struktural dan uji fungsional, serta analisa teknik pada mesin pencacah limbah sabut pinang kering. Pengujian karakteristik limbah sabut pinang kering menjadi acuan dalam rancang bangun mesin pencacah limbah sabut pinang kering diantaranya dimensi, angle of repose, bulk density, koefisien gesek dan kadar air. Berdasarkan analisa teknik mesin pencacah limbah sabut pinang kering yang dirancang diperoleh volume tabung pencacah 34.006,2 cm³ ,kecepatan angular pisau 104,6667 rad/s, kecepatan maksimum poros penggerak 2058 rpm, kecepatan maksimum poros mata pisau 1715 rpm, kebutuhan gaya pencacahan 254,8 N, torsi mata pisau pencacah 45,9 Nm, kebutuhan daya mesin 6,4 HP dan diameter poros yang digunakan 25,4 mm. Pengujian fungsional mesin pencacah limbah sabut pinang kering berfungsi dengan baik dan dapat menunjukkan nilai persentase hasil cacahan yang baik pula. Persentase hasil cacahan limbah sabut pinang kering pada pengulangan ke-1 sebesar 75%, pengulangan ke-2 sebesar 70%, dan pengulangan ke-3 sebesar 80%. Kapasitas teoritis pencacah sebesar 15,88 Kg/Jam, kapasitas aktual pencacah sebesar 9 Kg/Jam dan efisiensi mesin pencacah sebesar 57%.

Design And Manufacturing Of A Dry Areca Nut Fiber Waste Chopper Machine Integrated With A Dry Areca Nut Peeling Machine

Abstract. Areca nut is an agricultural commodity that has many benefits, such as being a raw material for industries, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. However, in terms of waste generated, it is not developed by the community due to a lack of agricultural mechanization technology, the waste referred to here is the dried areca nut fiber after peeling. The purpose of this research is to design and construct a machine for chopping dried areca nut fiber. The research was conducted in several stages, which included the design process of a machine for chopping dried areca nut fiber waste based on the characteristics of dried areca nut fiber. Next, the working mechanism of the machine for chopping dried areca nut fiber was determined, including structural testing and functional testing, as well as technical analysis of the machine for chopping dried areca nut fiber. Testing the characteristics of the dried areca nut fiber waste is used as a reference in the design and construction of the machine, including dimensions, angle of repose, bulk density, coefficient of friction, and moisture content. Based on the analysis of the designed machine for chopper dried areca nut fiber, the obtained parameters include a chopping chamber volume of 34,006.2 cm³, blade angular velocity of 104.6667 rad/s, maximum drive shaft speed of 2058 rpm, maximum blade shaft speed of 1715 rpm, chopping force requirement of 254.8 N, chopping blade torque of 45.9 Nm, engine power requirement of 6.4 HP, and a used shaft diameter of 25.4 mm. Functional testing of the machine for chopping dried areca nut fiber functions well and demonstrates good percentage of chopped output as well. The percentage of chopped output of dried areca nut fiber in the first repetition is 75%, in the second repetition is 70%, and in the third repetition is 80%. The theoretical chopping capacity is 15.88 kg/hour, the actual chopping capacity is 9 kg/hour, and the chopping machine efficiency is 57%.