Uji Kinerja Trailer Tipe Pivot pada Hand Traktor menggunakan Roda Sangkar di Lahan Miring

Abstract

abstrak :  Traktor roda dua adalah alat mekanisasi yang sudah umum dimiliki oleh petani Indonesia tetapi pemanfaatan dari traktor tersebut oleh masyarakat sangat minim dan belum begitu maksimal, umumnya petani menggunakan traktor roda dua hanya untuk mebajak tanah, jika pekerjaan membajak tidak ada sebagian petani membiarkan traktor roda dua mengganggur. Pemanfaatan traktor roda dua sebenarnya bukan hanya untuk membajak tanah saja tetapi juga dapat digunakan untuk penggunaan yang lain seperti pemupukan, penyemprotan dan bahkan dapat digunakan sebagai alat transportasi dilahan pertanian dan perkebunan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pertama mendesain sistem penggandengan trailer untuk traktor roda dua dengan pendekatan ergonomis dan melakukan pengujian teknis untuk penggunaan dilahan miring maupun datar, selanjutnya membuat dan mengevaluasi konsep desain optimum sistem penggandengan trailer melalui pengujian fungsional dan kinerja di lahan perkebunan. Kinerja alat yang diuji meliputi radius putar, kapasitas kerja, kestabilan pengoperasian dan fungsional peralatannya serta menghitung nilai slip pada saat pengoperasian. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai radius putar dari trailer pivot muatan kosong adalah sebesar 2,95 m dan muatan penuh sebesar 2,90 m dan nilai radius putar  dari trailer konvensional muatan kosong adalah 4 m dan muatan penuh 3,95 m, nilai rata-rata kapasitas kerja pada trailer pivot adalah 2,53 kg/det dan nilai rata-rata pada trailer konvensional adalah 2,29 kg/det, pengujian kestabilan pengoperasian menunjukkan bahwa traktor dan trailer menapak sempurna pada lahan datar dan miring dan tiap komponen berfungsi dengan baik serta nilai slip pada lahan datar menggunakan sudut sirip 45^o yaitu 3,75% dan sudut sirip 30^o  adalah 2,56%, pada lahan miring 10^o  dengan sudut sirip 45^o  yaitu 4,92% dan sudut sirip 30^o  yaitu 0,17%, pada lahan miring 30^o dengan sudut sirip 45^o yaitu 10,74% dan sudut sirip 30^o 5,78%.

Test the performance of a pivot type trailer on a hand tractor using cage wheels on an inclined landTwo-wheel tractors are mechanization tools that are commonly owned by Indonesian farmers but the use of these tractors by the community is very minimal and not yet maximized, generally farmers use two-wheel tractors only to plow the land, if there is no plowing work, some farmers let two-wheel tractors idle. The use of two-wheeled tractors is actually not only for plowing the land but can also be used for other uses such as fertilization, spraying and can even be used as a means of transportation on agricultural and plantation land. The purpose of this research is to firstly design a trailer towing system for two-wheel tractors with an ergonomic approach and conduct technical testing for use on sloping and flat land, then create and evaluate the optimum design concept of a trailer towing system through functional and performance testing on plantation land. The performance of the tested tools includes turning radius, working capacity, stability of operation and functionality of the equipment as well as calculating the slip value during operation. The test results show that the value of the turning radius of the empty load pivot trailer is 2.95 m and the full load is 2.90 m and the value of the turning radius of the empty load conventional trailer is 4 m and the full load is 3.95 m, the average value the working capacity of the pivot trailer is 2.53 kg/sec and the average value on a conventional trailer is 2.29 kg/s, the operating stability test shows that the tractor and trailer tread perfectly on flat and sloping land and each component functions properly and the slip value on flat land using a 45o fin angle is 3.75% and a 30o fin angle is 2.56%, on a 10o sloping land with a 45o fin angle is 4.92% and a 30o fin angle is 0.17%, on a sloping land 30o with 45o fin angle that is 10.74% and 30o fin angle 5.78%.  Two-wheel tractors are mechanization tools that are commonly owned by Indonesian farmers but the use of these tractors by the community is very minimal and not yet maximized, generally farmers use two-wheel tractors only to plow the land, if there is no plowing work, some farmers let two-wheel tractors idle. The use of two-wheeled tractors is actually not only for plowing the land but can also be used for other uses such as fertilization, spraying and can even be used as a means of transportation on agricultural and plantation land. The purpose of this research is to firstly design a trailer towing system for two-wheel tractors with an ergonomic approach and conduct technical testing for use on sloping and flat land, then create and evaluate the optimum design concept of a trailer towing system through functional and performance testing on plantation land. The performance of the tested tools includes turning radius, working capacity, stability of operation and functionality of the equipment as well as calculating the slip value during operation. The test results show that the value of the turning radius of the empty load pivot trailer is 2.95 m and the full load is 2.90 m and the value of the turning radius of the empty load conventional trailer is 4 m and the full load is 3.95 m, the average value the working capacity of the pivot trailer is 2.53 kg/sec and the average value on a conventional trailer is 2.29 kg/s, the operating stability test shows that the tractor and trailer tread perfectly on flat and sloping land and each component functions properly and the slip value on flat land using a 45o fin angle is 3.75% and a 30o fin angle is 2.56%, on a 10o sloping land with a 45o fin angle is 4.92% and a 30o fin angle is 0.17%, on a sloping land 30o with 45o fin angle that is 10.74% and 30o fin angle 5.78%.