Pengaruh Jenis Mulsa pada beberapa Varietas terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Abstract

Sayur kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah tanaman pokok sebagai pengganti beras gandum dan sayuran lain untuk kepentingan masyarakat. Sehingga permintaan kentang di Blangkejren sangat banyak, hasil yang diperoleh kentang di Gayo meningkatkan hasil pertanian namun tidak tanaman pokok, menghubungkan serta dengan mengkombinasikan antara meletakkan mulsa dan mulsa jerami sereh wangi, mulsa jempung rom, mulsa plastik hitam perak atau varian lokal dan Granola. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok pola factorial 2 x 6, hingga diperoleh 8 kombinasi perlakuan 24 satuan percobaan. Faktor utama jenis mulsa terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu tanpa mulsa, jerami serai wangi, jerami padi dan platik hitam perak dengan golongan 2 taraf yaitu varietas lokal dan varietas Granola. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsa berpengaruh sangat nyata pada diameter umbi tanaman kentang, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 30 dan 45 HST, umur berbunga, jumlah umbi per tanaman, berat umbi per tanaman, berat per umbi serta potensi hasil tanaman kentang. Varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap umur berbunga tanaman kentang, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 30 dan 45 HST, jumlah umbi per tanaman, berat umbi per tanaman, berat per umbi, diameter umbi, serta potensi hasil tanaman kentang. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kentang terbaik dijumpai pada perlakuan varietas Granola

Effect of Mulch Type on Several Varieties on Growth and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the supporting crops for the food diversification program to meet the nutritional needs of the community. The demand for potatoes in Aceh is increasing every year, but potatoes in Aceh have not been able to meet market demand, for that it needs to be optimized by combining the provision of mulches such as citronella straw, rice straw mulch, silver black plastic mulch and local varieties and Granola. The design used in this study was a 2 x 4 factorial randomized block design, so that there were 8 treatment combinations and 24 experimental units. The main factors observe were the type of mulch 4 levels without mulch, citronella straw, rice straw and silver black plastic and varieties with 2 local varieties, the Granola variety (V). the results showed that mulch had a very significant effect on tuber diameter of potato plants, had no significant effect on plant height aged 30 and 45 DAP, flower age, number of tubers planted, tuber weight, weight per tuber, and yield potential of potato. Variety had a very significant effect on potato plant age, had no significant effect on plant height at 30 and 45 DAP, the number of tubers planted, tuber weight, tuber diameter and yield potential of potato. The best potato plant growth and yield was found in the treatment of varieties Granola.