INISIASI PEMBENTUKAN BUAH MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus L.) VARIETAS MERCY F1 SECARA PARTENOKARPI AKIBAT KONSENTRASI GIBERELIN DAN DOSIS PUPUK KALIUM

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi giberelin dan dosis pupuk kalium, serta interaksi keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun varietas Mercy F1 secara partenokarpi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan kebun Gampong Ilie-Ulee Kareng-Banda Aceh, Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan dan Laboratorium Hortikultura Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu konsentrasi giberelin (Kontrol, 100, 200 dan 300 ppm) dan dosis pupuk kalium (Kontrol, 100 dan 200 kg ha^-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi giberelin berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah biji per buah dan bobot buah per tanaman. Hasil mentimun terbaik dijumpai pada konsentrasi giberelin 300 ppm dalam menurunkan jumlah biji per buah. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa dosis pupuk kalium berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap bobot buah per tanaman dan bobot buah per buah, berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah buah per tanaman dan panjang buah per buah. Hasil mentimun terbaik dijumpai pada dosis 200 kg ha^-1 pupuk kalium dalam meningkatkan bobot buah per buah dan panjang buah per buah. Interaksi antara konsentrasi giberelin dan dosis pupuk kalium berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah buah per tanaman dan jumlah biji per buah. Hasil mentimun terbaik dijumpai pada kombinasi konsentrasi giberelin 300 ppm dengan dosis pupuk kalium 100 kg ha^-1.

(Parthenocarp Fruit Initiation of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Mercy F1 Variety due to the Concentration of Gibberellins and the Dose of Potassium Fertilizer)

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of gibberellins concentration and potassium fertilizer dosage, as well as their interaction on the growth and yield of Mercy F1 cucumber plant by parthenocarpy. This research was carried out in the gardens of Gampong Ilie-Ulee Kareng-Banda Aceh, Plant Physiology Laboratory and Horticultural Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University. The design used was a Randomized Factorial Block Design 3 x 4 with 3 replications. The factors observed were the concentration of gibberellins (Control, 100, 200 and 300 ppm) and the dose of potassium fertilizer (Control, 100 and 200 kg ha^-1). The results showed that the concentration of gibberellins had a very significant effect on the number of seeds by fruit and fruit weight by plant. The best cucumber yields were found at a concentration of 300 ppm gibberellins in reducing the number of seeds by fruit. The results also showed that the dose of potassium fertilizer had a very significant effect on fruit weight by plant and fruit weight by fruit, significantly affected the number of fruits by plant and fruit length by fruit. The best cucumber yield was found at a dose of 200 kg ha^-1 of potassium fertilizer in increasing fruit weight by fruit and fruit length per fruit. The interaction between the concentration of gibberellins and the dose of potassium fertilizer significantly affected the number of fruits by plant and the number of seeds by fruit. The best cucumber yields were found in a combination of 300 ppm gibberellin concentration with a dose of 100 kg ha-1 potassium fertilizer.