Identifikasi Cemaran Mikroplastik pada Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis C.) dan Dencis (Sardinella lemuru) di TPI Lampulo, Banda Aceh

Zata Yumni, Dewi Yunita, Muhammad Ikhsan Sulaiman

Abstract


Abstrak Indonesia secara geografis memiliki luas perairan yang lebih luas dibandingkan daratan. Negara yang memiliki jumlah sampah plastik di laut tertinggi nomor dua di dunia ditempati oleh Indonesia (0.48-1.29 juta metrik ton/tahun) setelah China (1.32-3.53 juta metrik ton/ tahun) berdasarkan survei yang dilakukan oleh Jambeck et al (2015). Banyaknya penggunaan plastik ini dapat memberikan dampak pada penumpukan plastik yang semakin tinggi sehingga menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan yang berujung pada pencemaran bahan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan mikroplastik pada ikan tongkol dan ikan dencis dari TPI Lampulo, Banda Aceh. Pada penelitian sampel ikan tongkol dan dencis diambil sebanyak enam ekor. Analisis pada penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu perendaman sampel dengan menggunakan KOH 10% selama 12 jam. Hasil dari perendaman dilakukan proses sentrifugasi dengan kecepatan putar 5000 rpm selama 5 menit Selanjutnya sampel dilihat dibawah mikroskop, hasil kandungan mikroplastik yang dilihat dimikroskop pada pembesaran 10 dan 100 kali. Penelitian utama meliputi preparasi sampel, identifikasi mikroplastik secara mikroskopis dan identifikasi mikroplastik dengan FT-IR (Fourier Transfrom Infrared).

Identification of Microplastic Contamination of Tuna and Dencis fish in TPI Lampulo, Banda Aceh

Abstract. Geographically Indonesia is broader waters than land. The country with the second highest number of plastic waste in the sea in the world is occupied by Indonesia as much as 0.48-1.29 million metric tons / year based on a survey conducted by Jambeck et al. (2015) after China (1.32 - 3.53 million metric tons). Many uses of this plastic can have an impact on the accumulation of plastic which is increasingly high, causing environmental pollution that results in food pollution. This study aims to determine the presence of microplastics in tuna and dencis from TPI Lampulo, Banda Aceh and salt originating from Lamnyong and Lambaro markets. In this study, there were 6 samples of tuna and dencis originating from TPI Lampulo, Banda Aceh, while salt samples were taken at two different places, Lambaro and Lamnyong markets. The analysis in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis. The research method used is immersion of the sample using 10% KOH for 12 hours. The results of the immersion were centrifuged with a rotational speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes. Then the sample was viewed under a microscope, the results of the microplastic content were seen microscoped at magnifications of 10 and 100 times. The main research included sample preparation, microscopic identification of microplastics and identification of microplastics with Fourier Transfrom Infrared (FT-IR).


Keywords


Mikroplastik; FTIR; Ikan Tongkol; Ikan Dencis; Tuna; Dencis Fish

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v5i1.13808

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Alamat Tim Redaksi:
Fakultas Pertanian,Universitas Syiah Kuala
Jl. Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 3, Kopelma Darussalam,
Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
Email:jimfp@usk.ac.id