Fermentasi Kopi Arabika (Caffea arabica) Menggunakan Inokulum Feses Luwak

Abstract

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari fermentasi kopi arabika (coffea arabica) dengan menggunakan inokulum feses luwak terhadap kandungan kimia yaitu kadar air, pH, glukosa, kadar kafein dan Total Asam Terlitrasi (TAT), lalu membandingkan dengan kandungan kimia dari kopi yang difermentasi alami pada hewan luwak. Pada penelitian ini terdapat tiga sampel kopi dengan perlakuan yang berbeda yaitu: R1 (Gelondong), R2 (Kulit tanduk), dan R3 (Kulit ari), masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh 9 (sembilan) sampel. Sebelum diberikan perlakuan, sampel terlebih dahulu disortasi dari kotoran dan benda – benda asing. Selanjutnya dilakukan fermentasi biji kopi arabika sebanyak ±1000 g menggunakan inokulum feses luwak, difermentasi selama 96 jam dalam wadah toples tertutup. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah kadar air, pH, glukosa, kadar kafein dan Total Asam Terlitrasi (TAT), setelah mendapatkan hasil data diolah dengan menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan fermentasi dengan menggunakan inokulum feses luwak sangat berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik kimia kopi arabika, dalam penelitian ini dapat dilihat bahwa hasil yang didapat meningkatkan kualitas biji kapi arabika. Fermentasi kopi arabika dengan menggunakkan inokulum feses luwak, yang paling mendekati kualitas biji kopi luwak asli adalah: pH R1-5,81, TAT R1-1,96%, kadar air R2-9,01%, glukosa R3-4,73% dan kafein R3-0,229%. Karakteristik kimia kopi luwak asli adalah sebagai berikut : pH 5,58, TAT 2,05%, kadar air 9,45%, glukosa 9,21% dan kafein 0,69%. Hasil fermentasi menggunakan inokulum feses luwak dibandingkan dengan kopi non fermentasi menunjukkan hasil yang sama seperti hasil perbandingan dengan kopi luwak asli, hanya berbeda pada TAT R2-0,78%. Karakteristik kimia kopi non fermentasi yaitu : pH 5,08, TAT 0,25%, kadar air 8,5-9,5%, glukosa 9,72% dan kafein 0,9-1,2%.

(Fermentation of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica) Using civet Feces inoculum)

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of  arabica coffee Fermentation (arabica coffee) by using civet Feces inoculums on chemical content, which is water content, pH, glucose, caffeine content and Total Titrated Acid (TAT), then making comparisons with the chemical content of fermented coffee natural in civet animals. In this study there were three coffee samples with different treatments, namely: R1 (spindle), R2 (horn skin), and R3 (epidermis), each treatment was carried out as many as 3 replications to obtain 9 (nine) samples. Before being given treatment, the sample is first sorted from dirt and foreign objects. Then fermented arabica coffee beans as much as ± 1000 g using civet feces inoculum, fermented for 96 hours in a closed jar container. The parameters analyzed were water content, pH, glucose, caffeine content and Total Titrated Acid (TAT), after getting the results of the data were processed using ANOVA. The results of this study indicate that the fermentation using civet feces inoculums greatly influenced the chemical characteristics of Arabica coffee, in this study it could be seen that the results obtained improved the quality of Arabica coffee seeds. Fermentation of arabica coffee using civet feses inoculums, the closest to the quality of the original civet coffee beans are: pH R1-5.81, TAT R1-1.96%, water content R2-9.01%, glucose R3-4.73% and caffeine R3-0.222%. The chemical characteristics of the original civet coffee are as follows: pH 5.58, TAT 2.05%, moisture content 9.45%, glucose 9.21% and caffeine 0.69%. The results of fermentation using civet feces inoculum compared with non-fermented coffee showed the same results as the comparison with the original civet coffee, only differing at TAT R2-0.78%. Chemical characteristics of non-fermented coffee are: pH 5.08, TAT 0.25%, moisture content 8.5-9.5%, glucose 9.72% and caffeine 0.9-1.2%.