Distribusi Fe- dan Al-humus serta C organik Tanah pada Entisol dan Inceptisol di Lahan Kering Jantho, Kabupaten Aceh Besar

Cut Fajrina, Teti Arabia, Teti Arabia, Sufardi Sufardi

Abstract


Abstrak. Humus merupakan senyawa organik yang sangat penting di dalam tanah karena dapat membentuk kompleks dengan kation logam, sehingga mengurangi toksisitas pada tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan dan distribusi Fe- dan Al-humus serta C organik tanah pada Entisol dan Inceptisol di lahan kering Jantho, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Sampel tanah diambil pada setiap lapisan horison dari profil tanah ordo Entisol (Typic Udorthents) dari Desa Jalin, Inceptisol (Lithic Dystrudepts) Buket Meusara, dan Inceptisol (Oxic Dystrudepts) dari Desa Cucum, kemudian dibawa ke Laboratorium untuk dianalisis Fe- dan Al- humus serta C organik tanah. Fe- dan Al-humus diekstrak dengan larutan 0,1 N Na-pirofosfat (metode van Reeuwijk, 1992) sedangkan Fe dan Al dalam ekstrak Na-pirofosfat diukur dengan AAS. Kandungan C organik ditetapkan dengan metode Wakley dan Black yaitu destruksi dengan asam sulfat dan kalium bikromat dan pengukuran C dilakukan dengan titrasi FeSO4. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan Fe-humus tanah pada ketiga ordo tanah tergolong sangat rendah (0,05 - 0,09%) sedangkan Al-humus tanah bervariasi dari rendah sampai sedang (2,54 - 6,89%). Pada Entisol Jalin, distribusi Fe-humus dan Al-humus semakin meningkat dengan kedalaman, sedangkan pada Inceptisol Buket Meusara dan Inceptisol Cucum, Fe-humus cenderung semakin menurun dengan kedalaman, sementara Al-humus sangat bervariasi. Kandungan C organik tanah di lahan kering Jantho, Aceh Besar  pada Entisol dan 0,14 - 0,72% pada Inceptisol Buket Meusara, dan 0,15 - 1,25% pada Inceptisol Cucum. Kandungan Fe- dan Al-humus tanah tidak berkorelasi langsung dengan kandungan C organik.

Distribution of Fe- and Al-humus and organic C on Entisol and Inceptisol

in Drylands of Jantho, Aceh Besar District

Abstract. Humus is a very important organic compound in the soil because it can form complexes with metal cations, so as reducing toxicity to plants. This study aimed to determine the content and distribution of Fe- and Al-humus and soil organic C in Entisol and Inceptisol in dry land of Jantho, Aceh Besar District. Soil samples were taken at each layer of the horison from the soil profile of Entisol (Typic Udorthents) order from Jalin Village, Inceptisol (Lithic Dystrudepts) Buket Meusara, and Inceptisol (Oxic Dystrudepts) from Cucum Village, then taken to the Laboratory for Fe- and Al-humus analysis and soil organic C. Fe- and Al-humus were extracted with 0.1 N Na-pyrophosphate solution (van Reeuwijk method, 1992) while Fe and Al in Na-pyrophosphate extract were measured by AAS. Organic C content is determined by Wakley and Black method, which is destruction with sulfuric acid and potassium bicarbonate and measurement C is carried out by titrating FeSO4. The results showed that the soil Fe-humus content in the three soil orders was classified as very low (0.05 - 0.09%) while Al-humus soil varied from low to moderate (2.54 - 6.89%). In Entisol Interlace, the distribution of Fe-humus and Al-humus increases with depth, whereas in Inceptisol Buket Meusara and Cucum Inceptisol, Fe-humus tends to decrease with depth, while Al-humus varies greatly. Soil organic C content in Jantho dry land, Aceh Besar in Entisol and 0.14 - 0.72% in Meusara Bouquet Inceptisol, and 0.15 - 1.25% in Cucum Inceptisol. The content of Fe- and Al-humus soil does not correlate directly with organic C content.


Keywords


C organik; Fe-/Al-humus; lahan kering; Entisol dan Inceptisol; organic C; Fe-/Al-humus; dryland; Entisol and Inceptisol

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v4i1.10203

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