JUMLAH ERITROSIT DAN LEUKOSIT TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIBERI PAPARAN ASAP GANJA (Cannabis sativa) BERBAGAI FREKUENSI (The Amount of Erythrocyte and Leucocyte in white rats (Rattus novergicus) Exposed With Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) Smoke in Various Frequency)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi paparan asap Ganja (Cannabis sativa) terhadap jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit tikus putih (Rattus novergicus) strain Wistar. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol tikus tidak diberi paparan asap ganja (K₀) dan kelompok perlakuan paparan asap ganja satu kali sehari (KP₁), diberi paparan asap ganja dua kali sehari (KP₂) dan  diberi paparan asap ganja tiga kali sehari (KP₃). Masing-masing kelompok diulangi sebanyak 6 kali. Pemberian paparan asap ganja dilakukan selama 30 hari secara berturut-turut. Pengambilan darah dilakukan pada hari ke 31 melalui sinus orbitalis dengan pipet hematokrit sebanyak 1 ml. Jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit diperiksa dengan menggunakan Haemocytometer. Data jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit dianalisis dengan analisis of variance (ANOVA) dan uji berganda Duncan dengan bantuan program SPSS for Windows 17. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa paparan asap ganja berpengaruh secara nyata (P<0,05) terhadap penurunan jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit tikus putih strain Wistar. Jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit pada K₀ lebih tinggi secara nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan KP₂ dan KP_3, namun tidak berbeda secara nyata (P>0,05) dengan perlakuan KP₁. Jumlah eritrosit leukosit pada kelompok KP₁ berbeda secara nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan KP₂ dan KP₃. Jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit pada kelompok KP₂ tidak berbeda secara nyata (P>0,05) dibandingkan dengan KP₃. Dapat disimpulkan frekuensi paparan asap ganja dapat menurunkan jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit tikus putih strain Wistar. Makin banyak frekuensi paparan asap ganja makin menurun jumlah eritrosit dan leukosit tikus putih strain Wistar.

This study aimed at finding out the effect of cannabis (Cannabis sativa) smoke exposure on the amount of erythrocyte and leucocyte in white rats (Rattus novergicus) of Wistar strain. This study employed completely randomized design with four treatments that is a control group in which the rats were not exposed to cannabis smoke (K0) and three experimental groups in which the rats were exposed to cannabis smoke with the frequencies of one a day (KP1), twice a day (KP2), and thrice a day (KP3). There were six repetitions for each group. The cannabis exposure was conducted for 30 days respectively. Blood samples were taken on day 31 through sinus orbitalis with hematocrit capillary tubes with the amount of 1 ml. The amount of erythrocyte and leucocyte was examined by using hemocytometer. Data of the erythrocyte and leucocyte amount were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with the assistance of SPSS program for Windows 17. The results of the study showed that the cannabis smoke exposure had a significant effect on the decrease of erythrocyte and leucocyte in Wistar rats (P<0.05). The amount of erythrocyte and leucocyte in K0 was significantly higher compared to K₂ and K₃ (P<0.05), however, it was not significantly different from K₁ (P>0.05). The amount of erythrocyte and leucocyte in K₁ was significantly higher compared to K₂ and K₃ (P<0.05). The amount of erythrocyte and leucocyte in K₂ was not significantly greater compared to K₃ (P>0.05). It can be concluded that the frequency of cannabis smoke exposure can decrease the amount of erythrocyte and leucocyte in Wistar rats. The more frequent they get exposed to cannabis smoke the lesser their erythrocyte and leucocyte become.