Potensi Mimba (Azadirachta indica) Sebagai Kontrasepsi Pria Berbasis Tanaman: Tinjauan Komprehensif
Abstract
Permintaan global akan kontrasepsi pria yang aman, reversibel, dan efektif mendorong penelitian terhadap alternatif berbasis tanaman. Mimba (Azadirachta indica), tanaman obat yang telah lama digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional, menunjukkan potensi sebagai agen antifertilitas. Tinjauan ini membahas studi terbaru tentang senyawa bioaktif, mekanisme kerja, efektivitas, dan keamanan mimba dalam menghambat spermatogenesis dan fungsi sperma. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa senyawa aktif mimba, seperti azadirachtin dan quercetin, bekerja melalui modulasi hormonal, aktivitas spermisida, dan induksi apoptosis pada sel germinal testis. Meskipun studi praklinis pada model hewan menunjukkan potensinya, tantangan masih ada terkait dosis optimal, reversibilitas, dan keamanan jangka panjang. Tinjauan ini menyoroti mimba sebagai kandidat menjanjikan untuk kontrasepsi pria dan menekankan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mendukung aplikasinya dalam klinis. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya solusi berbasis tanaman dalam menjawab kebutuhan kontrasepsi global
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21157/jimvet.v9i1.33809
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