Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Di Provinsi Aceh Dalam Pendekatan Collaborative Governance Oleh Tim Koordinasi Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan

Abstract

Berdasarkan amanat Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 42 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pembentukan Tim Koordinasi Penangulangan Kemiskinan Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota, Pemerintah Aceh melalui Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 51 Tahun 2016 telah membentuk Tim Koordinasi Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan sebagai wadah lintas pemangku kepentingan dalam menanggulangi kemiskinan di Provinsi Aceh. Akan tetapi, keberadaan tim tersebut ternyata belum mampu mencapai tujuan dari pembentukannya yaitu untuk menanggulangi kemiskinan di Porvinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui pelaksanaan penanggulangan kemiskinan Tim Koordinasi Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan dalam pendekatan collaborative governance beserta hambatannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori collaborative governance Ansell dan Gash yaitu starting condition, institutional design, fasilitative leadership, collaboration process, dan outcomes. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip-prinsip collaborative governance dalam kolaborasi penanggulangan kemiskinan di Aceh belum dilaksanakan dengan baik, hal ini ditandai dengan ketidakseimbangan wewenang dalam proses kolaborasi karena masih didominasi pihak pemerintah, serta belum adanya kebijakan inovatif dari Gubernur Aceh selaku pemimpin untuk memfasilitasi dan mengendalikan pelaksanaan kolaborasi secara menyeluruh. Melalui seluruh proses kolaborasi, outcomes yang dihasilkan yaitu pelaksanaan penanggulangan kemiskinan berdasarkan Data Terpadu Kesejahteraan Sosial (DTKS) serta partisipasi multi pihak dalam suatu program penanggulangan kemiskinan. Hambatan yang ditemukan yaitu tidak adanya pembaharuan Data Terpadu Kesejahteraan Sosial (DTKS) serta rendahnya sinergitas antar pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan penanggulangan kemiskinan. Oleh karena itu, diharapkan adanya langkah aktif dari Gubernur Aceh selaku pemimpin untuk membuat kebijakan inovatif terkait keterlibatan pihak eksternal pemerintah dalam seluruh proses kolaborasi, serta mampu memfasilitasi pengembangan program REGSOSEK serta membuat tim khusus untuk pemutakhiran data masyarakat miskin di Provinsi Aceh.

Poverty Reduction in Aceh Province in a Collaborative Governance Approach by the Coordinating Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction

Based on the mandate of the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 42 of 2010 concerning the Establishment of a Provincial and Regency/City Poverty Reduction Coordination Team, the Aceh Government has formed a Poverty Reduction Acceleration Coordination Team as a cross-stakeholder forum in alleviating poverty in Aceh Province. However, the existence of the team has not been able to achieve the goal of its formation, namely to reduce poverty in the Aceh Province. This is evidenced through the publication of the Central Statistics Agency that in recent years the poverty rate in Aceh Province has never experienced a significant decline. The purpose of this study is to find out the implementation of poverty reduction in Aceh Province by the Coordination Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction in a collaborative governance approach and its obstacles. This study uses Ansell and Gash's collaborative governance theory, namely starting conditions, institutional design, facilitative leadership, collaboration processes, and outcomes. The method used is qualitative. The results show that the principles of collaborative governance in poverty reduction collaboration in Aceh have not been implemented properly, this is marked by an imbalance of authority in the collaboration process because it is still dominated by the government, and there is no innovative policy from the Governor of Aceh as a leader to facilitate and control the implementation overall collaboration. Through the entire collaboration process, the resulting outcomes are the implementation of poverty reduction based on Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS) as well as multi-stakeholder participation in a poverty reduction program. The obstacles found were the absence of updating the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS) and the low synergy between governments in the implementation of poverty reduction. Therefore, it is hoped that there will be active steps from the Governor of Aceh as the leader to make innovative policies related to the involvement of external government parties from the beginning to the end of the collaboration process, in addition to the need for policies related to full control of performance between government agencies, in other hand also expected to facilitate the development of the REGSOSEK program and create a special team for updating data on the poor in Aceh Province.